In the multicultural societies of North America, tolerance and kindness towards others begins in the cradle. Karen has some wonderful and helpful suggestions on how to create an environment conducive to these attributes. Karen is the author of “Many Languages, One Classroom: Teaching Dual and English Language Learners” (2009) and has her Masters degree in education. Thanks Karen for providing us with your great perspective. – Marsha

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Children from different home languages are the fastest growing segment of the preschool population right now across the United States.  Chances are most English-speaking children will meet children who speak other languages in their neighborhoods, schools and childcare.  We can all benefit from fostering attitudes of tolerance and friendship.

Research tells us that all preschool children need to continue learning in their home languages even while they are also ready and able to learn a second language.  My hope is that all young children can learn to make wonderful social and emotional connections regardless of language, culture or ability.

I’ve included a lot of suggestions for helping diverse children communicate in my book, “Many Languages, One Classroom: Teaching Dual and English Language Learners” (2009, Gryphon House). Here are some practical strategies that you can use to help young children get along with their diverse friends:

• Be a language learning role model:  Research shows there are cognitive advantages to becoming bilingual.  Even more important, this is a great way to show that you respect and enjoy diversity of languages and cultures and you are willing to give it a try.  Help children get beyond their shyness about trying to pronounce unfamiliar words.  And, above all, learn to properly pronounce every child’s name because it is an extension of their identity!
• Narrate children’s play:  This helps bridge the communication gap by giving the English speaking children clues about how they can understand their new friend and by providing new vocabulary and understanding for the English language learner.  You might say, “Oh, Tomika is reaching for the blue play dough.  I think she is making a snake.  Ryan, you want to use some blue play dough too?  Let’s see how we can help Tomika understand how fun it is to share playdough with a friend!”
• Teach everyone to use “motherese”: Even preschool-aged children can use these time-tested techniques to build basic language.  Remind all the children to speak slowly, to use gestures, expressions, props and pointing, to emphasize key words, and to be patient as they look for signs their friend has understood their message.
• Assign language buddies:  Establishing a buddy system guarantees that every child will have a ready-made friend to start with.  Depending on who is available and what are the language levels and needs of each child, think of different ways to pair children.  You might ask a more experienced bilingual child to partner with a newcomer, or pair a nurturing English-speaker with a child who is just learning the language.  This benefits the newcomer for sure – but think about how terrific it is for the other buddy to be entrusted with such important responsibility!
• Prepare adults to foster multilingual friendships:  Sometimes programs or playgroups may have one adult who speaks the other language of the children.  That’s a wonderful thing – but even better if that adult is prepared to include other friends in the play, stories and games.  Every monolingual English child should have the experience of participating in play that is conducted in a language they hardly know.
• Try using sign language:  Using American Sign Language (ASL) in the U.S., and other versions in their respective locations, is a fantastic addition to any preschool child’s life.  Many of the signs used by young children really do look like the concept, so they are easy to remember and use.  For example, the sign for ‘drink’ is to hold the hand as if gripping a cup and putting it to the lips.  As long as we depend on using gestures to augment our communication – why not use standard signs as gestures?  Then all the children will be learning the same gestures to clarify communication even if the group has many different languages.  I’ve seen children rush to teach signs to newcomers so they can get to know each other right away.

I know there’s a lot of talk among advocates and experts about how important it is for American children to learn to communicate with people from different language and cultural background to support our country’s ability to compete in the global marketplace.  Right now, I am most interested in helping young children develop confidence, self-esteem, and the joy of being able to make new friends!

Karen Nemeth, Ed.M. is an instructor at Bucks County Community College in Pennsylvania.  She is also a consultant and website developer (www.languagecastle.com) on supporting dual and English language learners in early childhood education.  She is the author of “Many Languages, One Classroom: Teaching Dual and English Language Learners” (2009, Gryphon House).  She is a writer and consulting editor for NAEYC and is the Early Childhood Special Interest Group co-coordinator on the board of NJTESOL-NJBE.